Child Support Enforcement in Texas

Texas law gives courts and the state powerful tools to collect overdue child support — from automatic wage withholding to contempt of court. Here's how each mechanism works.

Wage Withholding — Automatic in Texas

Every Texas child support order entered after January 1, 1994 is required to include an income withholding order (sometimes called a wage withholding order). Under Texas Family Code §158.001 et seq., the employer of the obligor must withhold child support directly from the obligor's paycheck and remit it to the Texas State Disbursement Unit (SDU).

How Wage Withholding Works
  • The withholding order is sent directly to the obligor's employer
  • The employer deducts support each pay period and sends payment to the SDU
  • The SDU distributes funds to the receiving parent
  • Federal consumer credit protection law (CCPA) limits withholding to 50–65% of disposable earnings for child support purposes
  • If the obligor changes jobs, a new withholding order must be sent to the new employer — this can be done without returning to court

Wage withholding is the most reliable enforcement tool because it operates automatically without the receiving parent needing to take any action. Problems arise when the obligor is self-employed, works in cash, changes jobs frequently, or works for an employer outside Texas.

License Suspension

Texas may suspend an obligor's professional, occupational, or driver's license if support is delinquent. Under Texas Family Code §232.001 et seq., a license may be suspended when the obligor owes more than three months of child support or has failed to comply with a subpoena related to paternity or support proceedings.

Licenses subject to suspension include:

  • Texas driver's license
  • State occupational and professional licenses (nursing, medical, law, accounting, real estate, insurance, contractor, and many others)
  • Hunting and fishing licenses

License suspension is administered through the Texas Office of the Attorney General's Child Support Division in coordination with the relevant licensing agencies. The obligor receives notice and an opportunity to cure before suspension takes effect. Paying arrears or entering a payment plan can result in reinstatement.

Contempt of Court

If an obligor fails to pay child support in violation of a court order, the receiving parent can file a Motion for Enforcement and request that the court hold the obligor in contempt. Under Texas Family Code §157.001 et seq., an obligor who is found in contempt may face:

Possible Contempt Consequences
  • Jail: Up to 6 months per violation (each missed payment can be a separate violation). Cumulative confinement is limited to a maximum of 6 months total per motion.
  • Fine: Up to $500 per violation
  • Attorney's fees: The court may order the obligor to pay the other party's attorney's fees
  • Community service
  • Probated sentence: Confinement is often probated on condition of paying current support and arrears on a schedule

Contempt proceedings require proper service on the obligor (the obligor must have actual notice and an opportunity to appear before being held in contempt and confined). Courts take child support contempt seriously — non-payment is not treated as a civil financial matter but as defiance of a court order.

State Enforcement Through the Office of the Attorney General

The Texas Office of the Attorney General (OAG) Child Support Division provides free enforcement services for all child support orders in Texas. The OAG can:

  • Send income withholding orders to employers and financial institutions
  • Intercept state and federal tax refunds (including any portion due as a refund)
  • Report delinquent obligors to credit bureaus
  • Place liens on real and personal property
  • File for license suspension
  • Deny, revoke, or deny renewal of U.S. passports for obligors who owe more than $2,500 in arrears (administered through the federal State Department)
  • Intercept lottery winnings, worker's compensation settlements, and other lump-sum payments
  • File contempt actions in court

OAG vs. Private Attorney — Which Is Right For You?

The OAG Child Support Division offers a broad range of enforcement tools for free. However, the OAG handles extremely high case volumes and has limited capacity for personalized attention. If your case involves any of the following, a private attorney may be significantly more effective:

  • The obligor is self-employed and obscures income
  • You need a contempt hearing scheduled quickly
  • You are also seeking attorney's fees
  • The obligor is hiding assets or has moved out of state
  • There are related custody or access issues that need to be addressed simultaneously
  • You need to collect a lump sum of arrears through aggressive court action

Lynda Landers files enforcement actions in Collin County courts on behalf of parents who need faster, more targeted results than the OAG can typically provide. Many clients pursue both channels simultaneously — using the OAG for ongoing collection while retaining private counsel for contempt proceedings.

Collecting Arrears

Unpaid child support becomes a judgment by operation of law as each payment comes due. That means each missed payment is automatically a legal debt, and interest accrues at 6% per year under Texas Family Code §157.265. Courts cannot forgive or reduce this debt retroactively.

Tools for collecting arrears include:

  • Wage withholding at an elevated rate (above current support, to pay down arrears)
  • Bank account levies through the OAG
  • Property liens — which prevent sale or refinancing without paying the lien
  • Contempt and confinement
  • Tax refund intercepts
  • Seizure of retirement account distributions (with a QDRO in appropriate cases)

Learn more about arrears, interest, and the 10-year collection window →

International Child Support Enforcement

If the obligor lives abroad or has assets in another country, enforcement becomes significantly more complex. The United States has reciprocal agreements with many countries under the Uniform Interstate Family Support Act (UIFSA) and various treaties. Countries participating in the Hague Convention on International Recovery of Child Support may recognize and enforce U.S. child support orders.

For cross-border enforcement, the OAG's central registry handles international cases, but private attorneys with experience in international family law can often move more efficiently through the required channels. Countries that do not have treaties with the U.S. may present significant barriers to enforcement.

Frequently Asked Questions

What if the obligor is self-employed and doesn't have a paycheck to withhold?

Wage withholding doesn't work for self-employed obligors in the traditional sense. Alternative tools include: bank account levies, liens on business property, intercepting business receivables, contempt proceedings, and license suspension. The OAG and courts treat self-employment as a complicating factor, not an exemption from enforcement.

Can I contact the obligor's employer directly to report non-payment?

No — enforcement is handled through legal process, not direct employer contact. If an income withholding order is already in place, the OAG or your attorney can contact the employer to ensure compliance or update the order.

Does it help to report non-payment to the police?

Willful failure to pay child support is a crime under both Texas and federal law for chronic, significant non-payers. However, most routine enforcement is handled civilly through family courts and the OAG. Criminal prosecution under Texas Penal Code §25.05 is generally reserved for cases involving extended non-payment and an obligor who clearly has the ability to pay.

If the obligor lives in another state, can I still enforce the Texas order?

Yes. Under UIFSA, every state must give full faith and credit to valid child support orders from other states and enforce them as if they were their own. The OAG's Reciprocal Enforcement division handles interstate cases; you can also register the Texas order in the obligor's home state court and enforce it there.

Enforcement Tools at a Glance
  • Automatic wage withholding
  • Tax refund intercept
  • License suspension
  • Contempt (up to 6 mo. jail)
  • Property liens
  • Bank account levy
  • Passport denial ($2,500+ owed)
  • Credit bureau reporting
  • Lottery/settlement intercept

OAG Child Support Division provides free enforcement. Private attorneys can move faster in complex cases.

Not Getting Paid?

A private enforcement action — combined with OAG resources — can move faster when you need results. Lynda Landers handles contempt proceedings in Collin County courts.

Schedule a Consultation

(972) 529-5707

Is the Other Parent Not Paying?

You have strong legal tools available. A consultation with Lynda Landers can identify the fastest and most effective enforcement path for your situation.

Schedule a Consultation Call (972) 529-5707